Sigmund Freud :: Psychoanalysis

Sigmund Freud   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Psychoanalysis, method of treating mental illness, was Sigmund Freud’s most recognized work. In 1938, Freud was eighty-two years old and was forced to flee to London because he was Jewish. He died the following year with many accomplishments and went through plenty of hardships in his life time. That’s why Sigmund Freud has influenced American politically, socially, and ideology because he changed the country’s perception on how people think, dream, and the things they do.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Sigmund Freud was born on May 6th, 1856 in Frieberg, Moravia. Which is present day Czech Republic. Sigmund Freud was the son of Jacob and Amalia Freud. Sigmund’s family was Jewish, the population of Frieberg was one hundred and thirty Jews, out of four thousand and five hundred ,and the rest were Catholic. During this time period Jewish people had to move to different countries because they were persecuted or had legal restrictions, banishments or slaughtered. That’s when the Freud’s moved to Tysmenite. This was popular for Jews and it was the center to Jewish learning and scholarships. Sigmund had two half brothers from his fathers first marriage. Then Sigmund Freud’s parents had another son and named after Amalia brother. The baby died the same way her brother did. After that she zoned away and didn’t take care of Sigmund. They hired a maid to take care of things. A couple years later, Jacob and Amalia started to have kids agai n. They had five daughters and another son. Little bit after that Sigmund’s father’s business collapsed and things started to fall downhill for the family.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Sigmund Freud did outstanding in school, he received his medical degree from University in 1881. Before he became interested in the medical field, he wanted to study natural science and to solve challenging problems concerning scientists. Sigmund Freud was influenced by many people. Right after Sigmund finished school, he changed his career to a psychiatrists. Between 1885 and 1886 he went to work in a clinic in Paris with Jean Charcot. Then later in 1886 opened a private practice in Vienna. He devoted half an hour everyday to self-analysis. His psychiatric expanded when he became a professor at Vienna University. Sigmund’s first book was published in 1895, Studies in Hysteria, the co-author was Josef Breur. The next ten years of Sigmund’s life he was working with Josef Breur. In 1908, was the first international Psychoanalytic Congress developed.

Radio and Television in Mass Media Essay

A form of media that revolutionized the way humans communicate was the radio. David Sarnoff is the best candidate for the man who put radio on the map. Although it may have not been his choosing, the sinking of the Titanic in 1916 put his name in the record books. For three days straight, the young Sarnoff decoded messages from the sinking ship from his office in New York (Wells 36). The Titanic broadcast was groundbreaking, because it showed and economically profitable way by which radio could be used as a medium of mass communication for ordinary families (Wells 36). By 1930 transmitters were popping up in cities around the nation. A record 30 million households had a set, and the one set per household was becoming a reality (Wells 42). The power of radio was not really noticed until a monumental broadcast in 1939. H.G. Wells’ â€Å"War of the Worlds† broadcast brought a whole nation to its knees and caused widespread panic among millions of viewers. Hours after the broadcast, people from coast to coast were thrown into panic, believing monsters from Mars, invulnerable space ships were destroying the earth. They took to cars, ran out to warn neighbors, traffic was jammed, church services were ended. Four times during the show the listeners were reminded that they were hearing a dramatization, but many citizens couldn’t see past. After the incident, Wells told reporters that radio is a popular democratic machine for disseminating information and entertainment (Naremore 38). The power of radio was soon known, and this incident brought light to it. Today there more than 575 million radios in America alone (Encyclopedia Britannica). The latest study from the National Broadcasting Company found that 90.5 percent of the adult population listens to some type of radio during the week. Today, Clear Channel Communications owns over 1,200 radio stations across the United States, and Cumulus, the second largest owns 266 stations. (Grant, Meadows 141). With the FCC eliminating caps on ownership, one day everyone may be listening to the same news, spun whichever way Clear Channel feels like spinning it; to the left wing, or the right. Traditional radio is facing its toughest battle these days though. Satellite radio is sweeping through the market like a wildfire; with CD-quality sound, and hundreds of channels to choose from, who wouldn’t spend the ten dollars a month to have  XM or Sirius? Although both companies reported losses in mid-2004, each service looks to become profitable by the end of 2005 (Grant 142). Radio will be hard-pressed to keep up with satellite. XM’s digital music library is among the world’s largest – 1.5 million titles and counting. Out of the 121 channels available on XM, 68 are 100% commercial free 24 hours a day, year round, with over 1500 hours of live programming every week. Although XM and Sirius only represent radio’s 4.5 million subscriptions only represents a fraction of radio’s 290 million weekly listeners, the number of satellite subscriptions is expected to double in 2005 (Bachman 4). On Christmas Day 2004, over 50,000 subscribers signed up for satellite radio service. If both companies hit their projections, there will be 7.7 million satellite radio subscribers by January 2006 (Bachman 4). Satellite radio isn’t the only next generation radio system on the market. In 2004, 10,000 HD radios were sold, with prices ranging from $500-$1,000. B the end of 2005, Strubble predicts there will be a t least 600 HD radio stations, covering 80% of the U.S. and about 100,000 HD radios sold. HD radio representative John Smulyan believes, â€Å"WE think this is one of those opportunities for game-changing radio business† (Bachman 5). Television began with three companies that still dominate the airwaves, ABC, NBC, and CBS. In a world of subscription, these companies till offer free TV, but the ratings are going more towards cable. The clean cut programming that was once aired is being replaced with a plethora of violence and political propaganda that may ruin television. Television ranks just behind radio in penetration in the U.S. With over 106 million home, or 98% of the U.S. population having televisions, there is a plethora of sets ready to catch signals for people to view. Network TV has emerged over the last two decades as the dominant vehicle for interpreting national politics. TV has become the major source of news for the population, and the only news source for others. The problem is that politicians and journalists feed off each other like leeches. The politician needs the journalist for their messages to reach the intended audience, and journalists need the politicians to have something to write about. The coverage politicians seek gives them an outlet from which to speak. Those  who look good in the media can make a good image for themselves. The real problem comes when the news turns out to be propaganda, causing action from an opposing side that leads to deception. More than propaganda, violence seems to be the hot topic debated daily by politician and parent alike. Can what you child sees on television affect how he lives his/her life? E.B. White once said that â€Å"television is going to be the test of the modern world† (Simons 151). There is no doubt that television has become the central activity in homes today. Its ability to entertain, teach and persuade has huge impact on viewers. In the United States 98% of households have at least one set (Simons 149). What is astonishing is that children are watching an average of 7.5 hours a day (Simmons 149). One of the main concerns with television programming is the violence viewed by children that cannot understand the differences between fantasy and reality. Davidson, in a issue of Rolling Stones, agreed that â€Å"children are vulnerable to television between the ages of 2 to 8 years because of their maturational inability to separate what they view from reality† (qtd. in Simmons 152). Violence was such an issue that is came under consideration in the 50s and 60’s in Congress. The findings supported the idea that a casual relationship existed between television violence and aggressive behavior. The National Coalition on Television Violence has classified the Mighty Morphin Power Rangers as the most violent program ever studied, with almost 200 violent acts per hour (Simmons 150). In an experimental study involving 5 to 11 year olds, children who watch Power Rangers committed seven times more aggressive acts than those who did not. Shows such as these caused a large number of accidents and quarrels due to the children imitating the characters actions. There is no doubt that the television programming has engulfed the U.S. population. As of 2003, 71.3% of U.S. households received cable programming (Grant, Meadows 29). This fact is amazing, because cable had only been around for fifty years. Not only programming is changing, but how we receive it as well. In May 2002, the FCC set a deadline by which all U.S. commercial television broadcasters were required to be broadcasting digital television signals. This date was a little early though, but by September 2003, 38 of 40 stations in the 10 largest markets in the United  States began broadcasting digital television signals (Grant, Meadows 28). By early 2004, 1.5 million household were watching HDTV, and that number is going to rise sharply. This means clearer sound and displays, recordable content, and crisp, clear reception of the same channels that have always been around. What if new 16Ãâ€"9 television sets make news broadcasts look weird or maybe cartoons might not look good on a widescreen set? There is no telling where the television market will go, hopefully bigger and better; but will content become more subtle, or so radical that new laws must be made to subdue? â€Å"Radios.†Encyclopaedia Britannica Online. 1999. Encyclopedia Britannica. 13 February 2005 Grant, August and Jennifer Meadows. Communication Technology Update. Oxford: Focal Press, 2004. Naremore, James. The Man who caused the Mars Panic†. Humanities, Vol 24 (2003) 38-40 Simmons, Betty Jo, Stalsworth, Kelly, Wentzel, Heather. â€Å"Television Violence and Its Effects on Young Children.† Early Childhood Education journal Vol 26 (1999): 149-153 Wells, Alan. Mass Media and Society. Palo Alto, National Press Books. 1972

Essay about My Personal Experience in Research Projects

Research Experience I have proactively engaged in research activity throughout my undergraduate program. I had my first research experience in Dr. B Anand’s lab, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Guwahati, during my second year. The aim of the project was to study the non-fluorescent beta-barrel structured proteins and engineer its amino acid sequence to make them into fluorescent ones. Our approach was mainly based upon the studies of Green Fluorescent Protein (GFP) from a jellyfish Aequorea victoria. Tools like Python programming language, Gromacs, Ribosome, PROSS, and Pymol were used to study the structural components of non-fluorescent proteins. I gained invaluable†¦show more content†¦I was challenged with cloning ydeH gene into the pJT118 plasmids which are green light sensitive. The ydeH gene produces a protein named diguanylate cyclase, which induces the production of c-di-GMP in Rosetta strain. This project gave me an opportunity to participate and win silver at Internationa l Bio-molecular design competition (BIOMOD) 2012 held at Wyss Institute, Harvard University, USA. Most of the molecular genetic techniques were extensively used in my project. During this internship, apart from gaining deeper technical experience, I realized that I could work on a research problem with a certain degree of independence, figuring out right approaches and proposing useful experiments. I acquired more confidence in my aptitude for research and it has been boosted while working on my undergraduate projects. As a part of my undergraduate thesis, I worked on a project ‘Extraction and analysis of beauvericin, a mycotoxin produced by Beauveria bassiana and its cytotoxic effects on the SF-21 (immortalized pupal ovarian cells isolated from Spodoptera frugiperda) cell line’ under the guidance of Dr. Gurvinder Kaur Saini, IIT Guwahati. Beauvericin metabolite was extracted from the Beauveria bassiana isolates UB17 and UB21, by using n-hexane extraction method and the presence of beauvericin was analyzed and confirmed with High Pressure Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and Mass spectroscopy (MS). CytotoxicShow MoreRelatedData Catalog For Enterprise Geodatabase1008 Words   |  5 PagesSpatial information is usable when it has metadata, as it is straightforward to follow and find datasets. GIS data catalog for Enterprise Geodatabase is a project which allows acquiring information regarding the availability of GIS datasets and related properties such as quality, description, the point of contact, extent, etc. The audience for the project are the internal customers looking for data. 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